Abstract

Recent years have seen a marked interest in revisionary studies of the world's crawfishes (Astacidae, Cambaridae, and Parastacidae). Hobbs (1974) proposed a revision at the familial level, and this scheme seems to be generally accepted. He assigned the genera Astacus (Europe), Austropotamobius (Europe), and Pacifastacus (western North America) to the family Astacidae. The most recently expressed opinion of the status of the several genera assigned to the Astacidae (sens. str.) is by Brodsky (1983). The family Cambaridae in Hobbs' system retained the three subfamilies proposed by Laguarda (1961): Cambarellinae (southern United States and Mexico), Cambaroidinae (east Asia), and Cambaridae (North America east of the continental divide). The latter subfamily contained the genera Barbicambarus, Cambarus (revised by Hobbs, 1969), Fallicambarus (revised by Hobbs, 1973), Faxonella, Hobbseus, Orconectes (revised by Fitzpatrick, 1987), Procambarus (revised by Hobbs, 1972), and the monotypic Troglocambarus; those genera not referenced by a revision are small, and other small genera have been added since the familial reorganization. Fitzpatrick (1983) determined that the subfamily Cambarellinae contains only one genus, although he proposed subgenera for Cambarellus. Hobbs (1974) placed the Parastacidae in a separate superfamily and assigned to it the genera Astacoides (revised by Hobbs, 1987), Astacopsis, Cherax (Revised by Austin, 1986), Engaeus (revised by Horwitz, 1990), Engaewa, Euastacoides, Euastacus (revised by Morgan, 1986; 1988), Geocherax, Gramastacus, Paranephrops (revised by Hopkins, 1970), Parastacus, Samastacus, and Tenuibranchiurus. All of these, except Astacoides (Madagascar), Paranephrops (New Zealand), and Parastacus and Samastacus (South America), occur on the Australian continent or adjacent islands, including New Guinea and Tasmania.

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